A new study from Johns Hopkins Children’s Center looked at using artificial intelligence (AI) for diabetes eye exams in kids and teens. These exams check for eye diseases that can happen due to diabetes.
The study found that AI eye exams greatly improved screening rates compared to standard exams. The AI exams were done right in the diabetes clinic without eye drops or a separate appointment.
Diabetes can damage blood vessels and nerves in the retina, the light-sensitive tissue at the back of the eye. This is called diabetic retinopathy. It can cause vision loss if not caught early.
Guidelines say kids with diabetes need eye exams every year. But only 35-72% actually get them. Minority youth often have lower screening rates.
Barriers include:
- Confusion about who needs screening
- Inconvenience
- Limited access to eye doctors
- Transportation issues
The study enrolled 164 patients aged 8-21 years with type 1 or 2 diabetes. One group got standard referrals for eye exams. Only 22% completed them within 6 months.
The other group got AI eye exams during their regular diabetes visit. 100% completed on the spot.
The AI system takes retinal photos and runs an algorithm to detect diabetic retinopathy. Results come back right away.
If retinopathy is found, eye doctor referral is made for further evaluation. If not, no additional appointment is needed.
Offering AI screening conveniently in the diabetes clinic could improve follow-up eye care. This is especially important for minority youth who face access barriers.
The researchers say the AI technology is not yet FDA-approved for those under 21 years old. Further studies on larger groups are still needed.
The goal is to use AI screening to catch diabetic eye disease earlier. This can prevent vision loss in young diabetes patients.